Machine for rounding and backing books



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MACHINE POR ROUNDI-NG AND BAGKING BOOKS. No. 372,128

Patented Oct. 25, 1887.

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Patented Oct. 25, 1887.

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E. GRAWLEY. MACHINE FOR ROUNDING AND BAGKYING BOOKS.

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, E. G-RAWLEY; MACHINE EURv RUUNDING AND BAGKING BOOKS. No. 372,128.

Patented Oct. 25, 1887.

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MACHINE POR ROUNDING AND BAGKING BOOKS. No. 372,128. Patented Oct. 25,-1887.

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E. CRAWLBY. MACHINE FOR ROUNDING vAND BAOKING BOOKS. 1510.372128.

Patented Oct. 25, .1887.

fm1/'entor- N. PEYEHS, manchem-hun Washmsmn, p. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

EDWIN CRAWLEY, OF NEWPORT, KENTUCKY.

MACHINE FoR RoUNoING AND BAo/KmQBooKs.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent: No. 372,128, dated. October 25. 1887.

Application iiled March 7, 1885. .Serial No. 158.038. (No model.)

` ou in the same machine.

Chief among the various improvements constituting the several principal features of my4 invention are, first, improved mechanism for enabling the movable jaws to pinch or grasp the book; secondly, improved mechanism for supplementing the mechauismjust mentioned under said first headingin tightly pinching or l,grasping said book; thirdly, improved mechanism for enabling the movable jaws to hold the book stationary and firmly in position while the book is being backed, the object of these improvements being to relieve (as hereinafter set forth) certain operative parts 'of the machine from undue strain and consequent wear and tear, fourthly, an improved clutch whereby the operation of the machine can be quickly checked,'and thereby in case of accident prevent injuring the mechanism,and also the book.

The several other features of my invention and theadvantages arising from their use, conjointly or otherwise, will be fully hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings. making part of this specification, Figure 1, Sheet l, is a vertical central longitudinal section ofa rounding and backing machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view ot' the rods and other devices for imparting motion directly tothe mechanism acting immediately yupon the book, and also a plan view of the main shaft and its provisions for imparting motion to said rods and devices. Fig. 3,Sheet 3, represents a top View ofthe gearing, whereby power is applied to and removed from the said main shaft. Fig. 4, Sheet 4, is a side View of the mechanism for bracing the reciprocating jaws when the latter are in position for backing the book, the cross-bar of said mechanism being in section; secondly, showing the quadrants or arms for oscillating the plate for backing thebook and the immediate mec hanism for operating the quadrant, the shaft and sleeve being shown in vertical section transverse to the shaft; thirdly, showing in elevation the mechanism for operating the clutch; fourthly, showing in part the mechanism for adjusting the center on which the forward quadrants oscilla-te. part of such mechanism being in elevation and the cross-bar being shown in section. vation of the gearing referred to in Fig. 3, and also of the mechanism for adjusting the center on which the for-ward quadrant oscillates, the cross-bar being shown in elevation, and also showing, lower down, in elevation, the crossbar for bracing the reciprocating jaws when the latter are in position for backing the book and the uprights or slide pieces, whereby said bar is supported and on which it slides. Fig. 6, Sheet 5, shows in front elevation the rounding-rollers, the chains for giving a forward motion to the rollers, the lever for operating said chains, and also shows the belt and weight in position for giving a return motion to the rollers, and also shows the devicefor preventing the back of the book from springing upward while being rounded, and also shows the center screw for operating the carriage, and shows the side hand-screw for locking the carriage, the lugs for supporting the movable table, and the tubular rest. Fig. 7, Sheet 3, represents in section the upper rounding-roller, the spring for preventing the back of the book from springing upward while being rounded, and the bar for supporting said spring` and shows in elevation the reciprocatv ing roller-support and the adj ustablejournalbox located in said reciprocating support and carrying the roller'journal. Fig. 8, Sheet 6, shows in section, enlarged, the center screw mentioned in the description of Fig. 6 andlocknut, andshowsastopscrewandlock-nuttherefor, the stop-screw beingshown in elevation. Fig` 9, Sheet 5, shows in side elevation, seen from that side of the machine which is at the right hand in Fig. 2, the chains and belt and weight referred to in the description of Fig. 6. Fig. l0, Sheet 3, shows a front elevation and also a side elevation of the chain. and of the Fig. 5, Sheet 5, is a front ele- Ioo sleeve to which it is fastened, and also illustrating the inode of connecting the chain to the sleeve. Fig. 11, Sheet 6, is aview in perspective of the reniovable table, itsiniinediate supports, and the preferred manner in which the table is connected to said supports. Fig. 12, Sheet 4, is a side elevation of a part of the carriage for carrying the rounding-rollers, and connected thereto a rocking base for the arm which carries the guides for locating the book when rst inserted in the machine. Fig. 13, Sheet 3, shows a side view and also a top view of the arm referred to in the description of Fig. 12. Fig. 14, Sheet 4, is a perspective view of the bar and straps suspended therefrom for adjusting the centers on which the forward quadrants oseillate; also, the arins for supporting those centers, the rear quadrants, the sleeve to which they are attached, the shaft on which the sleeve oscillates, the adjustable lever of the sleeve, the pitman and crank by which said sleeve is operated, and shaft-carrying pinion for operating said crank, and also showing weight for balancing the quadrants and parts attached thereto. Fig. 15, Sheet 6, shows in side elevation the adjustable journal-box or carriage for supporting the journal of the shaft carrying the sleeve referred to in the description of Fig. 14, and also shows in section (detailed view) the said journal-box and the slide it moves on and an end of the shaft it (said box) carries, the section being taken through the line X X of said side elevation and looking at the said section from the rear of the machine, and also shows in section (detailed view No. 2) the rear end of the box or carriage, the adjusting screw-rod and cap, the section being taken at the line Z Z of said side elevation. Fig. 16, Sheet 6, shows a top and side view of the crossbars referred to in the description of Fig. 5, the bars being here shown detached. Fig. 17, Sheet 6, shows in end elevation, fullsized, four typical fornis of plates for backing books, such forms being of my invention. Fig. 18, Sheet 6, is a perspective view of the bar to which the plates of the preceding Iigureare attached and showing one plate in position attached to the bar. Fig. 19, Sheet 5, is a front elevation of the oscillating frame which carries the jaws and the toggle-joint for vertically reciprocating the upperjaw and the worms and wheels for operating nuts (also shown) for adjusting the height of the upperjaw above the lower jaw, and thereby regulating the pinch of the book. This figure also shows a front elevation of thejaws in position in said frame; also shows the guides for steadying the lower ends of the rods that carry the upper jaw. At the foot of said figure is also shown a detail view of the cross-bar which carries the said nuts and toggle. Fig. 20, Sheet 4, is a front elevation, enlarged, ofthe upper jaw, showing the springs attached to the upper jaw and upright rods carrying the upper jaw, and also below at the lett shows a cross-section, enlarged, of the aforesaid device taken at the dotted line XX, and at the right shows an end view ofthe device shown in the upper part of this figure. Fig. 21, Sheet 3, is a plan view of the toggles for throwing the jaws over and back. Fig. 22. Sheet 3, is a top view of the toggle (shown in Fig. 1 as located at the base of the machine) for operating the toggles shown in Fig. 19. Fig. 23, Sheet 6. is a side elevation of an improved device for supporting a rod operated on by a cam, below showing a top detached view of the yoke and roller of said device; also a view, detached, ofthe cam and its devices for receiving said yoke and roller. Fig. 24, Sheet 5, shows a side view and also a bottom View of the braces (shown at the lowerleft-haud corner of Fig. 1) for bracing the shaft which operates the toggle which operates to open and close the jaws, which toggle is referred to in the description of Fig. 19. Fig. 25, Sheet 5, is an enlarged view of one of the nuts referred to in the description of Fig. 19. Fig. 26, Sheet 3, is a side elevation, partly in section, of the device for throwing out of gear and disconnecting the rod that reciprocates the upper roundingroller and also for raising the roller and holding it up, as described. Fig. 27. Sheet 2, shows at the left a side elevation of the lever for operating the chains, which in turn operate the rounding-rollers, the chains being shown in Figs. 6, 9, and 10, and shows at the center an elevation of the end of said lever, looking at that end of the lever which is at the left hand in said elevation, and also shows au end view of the carriage-piece shown on the center ofthe lever in the said side elevation. The lever herein referred to is shown in Fig. l. This Fig. 27 also shows a side view of the stopplateand also a view ofthe screw and locknut, enlarged, for setting said carriage-piece. Fig. 28, Sheet 4, shows views, enlarged, ofthe devices shown at the top of Figs. 1 and 5 for adjusting the bar which regulates the position of the center on which the backing-plate operates the devices shown in this figure, being a top view of the adjusting-nut, a side elevation, and also a top view of the stop-collar for locking the said nut, and also a side elevation of the screw, decreased. with the groove in which the feather or pin of the lock-collar moves. Fig. 29, Sheet 2, shows five detail views of the el uteh for throwing the machine into and out of action, Detail No. 1 being a side elevation of the two parts of the clutch in position on the shaft. Detail No. 2 is an edge view, and No. 3 a side view of the collar, with trunnions, which fits onto that end of the clutch which is at the right hand in Det-ail No. l. Detail No. 4 is a view in perspective of the collar which holds the said trunnion-eollar in place, and Detail No.5 is a top view of the forked lever (shown in position in Fig. 4) which engages with the trunnions and enables the two inain portions of the clutch to be thrown in and out of engagement with one another. Fig. 30, Sheet 6, shows four detail views. perspective view, enlarged, of the hand-lever for working the forked lever shown in Fig. 4.

Detail No. 1 is a.

ICO

IIO

Detail No. 2 shows in perspective, enlarged, a stoppin that engages with hand-lever. Detail No. 3 is a front elevation of the upper right-hand corner of the machine, showing the Ymeans (t. e., bracket) for supporting the main lever, and showing said lever at its junction with such support. Detail No. 4 is a top view of the corner of the machine, and shows the bracket, the lever removed, the bracket being shown in side elevation in Fig. 4. Fig. 31, Sheet 6, shows in horizontal section the devices for carrying and adjusting the bar which su pports the backing-plate and the quadrant by which the plate is oscillated. Fig. 32, Sheet 6, shows the guide-arm and guide-carriers and guides when down and in position to stop the book, the carriage, rounding rollers, book, and guide-arm beingshown in section, laken in a plane-running parallel to the length of the machine. Fig. 33, Sheet 6, shows the oscillating piece, its supportingbase, guidearm, guide-carriers, and guides. the oscillating piece, its base, the guide-arm. and the upper ends of the guidecarriers being shown in section taken in a vertical plane transverse to the length of the machine at the dotted line X X of Fig. l2, the view being taken looking from the rear of the machine toward the front of the latter. j Fig. 34, Sheet 7, is a side view, in elevation, of thepreferred detailed construe# tion of the mechanism for swinging the jawsbackward and forward. Fig. 35, Sheet 7, is a side elevation of the preferred mechanism for actuating the brace-bar for stead ying or bracing the jaws while the book is being backed, and showing the brace-bar in section, the section being taken at the dotted line `X X, Fig. 36. Fig. 36, Sheet 7, is a top view of the preferred form of cross-bar.

A, Figs; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 15, 30. indicates the right side of the frame of the machine, and A2, Figs. `1.2, 3, 5, 6, indicates theleftside ofthe machine. The preferred'means of connecting these sides together is as follows: The lsides A A2 are connectedat their upper front portions.A by the cross-piece A3, Figs. l, 6, 21, and at their lower front portions by the cross-piece A1, Figs. l, 2, 3, 26, and at their upper rear portions by the cross-piece A5, Fig. l, and at their lower rear portions by the crosspiece A, Figs. 1,2, 3. 22.

The main shaft B, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 23, is supported by and journaled in boxes B2 B1, Figs. 2, 3, respectively located at the respective sides A A2 of the said frame.

The series of gearing for operating the main shaft consists of the loose pulley C, tight pulley C, tly-wheel C3, and pinion C1, all revolving loosely on a stud orpin, C5, fixed to and projecting from the side Aiof the frame, Figs. 1. 3, 5. The pulley C1, iiy-wheel C1, and pinion G1 are all rigidly connected together. The pinion C4 meshes with the gear-wheel C6, Figs. 1, 3, 5, and gear C6 is rigidly ixed to shaftG1, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 29, and is concentric therewith. Run ning loose on the shaft C1, at the other side of the machine, is the clutch-pinion O8, Figs. l, 3, 4, 5, 29, meshing with a gear, C9, Figs. l, 2,

shaft DS.

3, 4, 5. This gear C9 is rigidly fixed ou main shaft B. .W ith gear C meshes pinion 01, Figs. l, 3, 4, 14. (See Figs. 3, 4, aud dotted lines in Fig. 1.) The pinion C1is rigidly fixed on shaft G12, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 14,-journaledvin the side A of the machine and carrying crank D, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 14. Crank D is pivotally connected to the lower end of a rod, D2, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 14, whose upper end is pivotally connected to and operates the adjustable lever D11, Figs. 4, 14, which latter oscillates the sleeve D1, Figs. 1, 4, 14. The operating length of the lever D3 is determined by the position ofthe set-pin D5, Figs. 4, 14, in the slot D, Figs. 4` 14, of the said lever D3, and determines the length of the arc of oscillation of the quadrants D1, Figs. 1, 4, 14. xed to sleeve D4, oscillating on shaft D8, Figs. 1, 4, 14.

A preferred means for changing the position of the arc of motion of the said quadrants is as follows: Rigidly attached to sleeve D1 is lug D11, Figs. l, 4, l4,whose end comes between the lugs D1, Figs. 4, 14, on the collar D12, Figs. 4, 14, to which latter, in the present instance, the lever D3 is rigidly attached. Through the lugs D1and the lug DJpasses a screw-rod, D13, Figs. 4, 14, screwed or iixed to the lugs D1", but loose within lug D1. On this screw-rod D13 are the set-nuts D11 D14, Figs. 4, 14, one of said nuts on one side of the lug D9 and the other of said nuts on the other side ofthe lugD. By means of this screw-rod D11 and said nuts D11 the position of the lug D9, in respect to the lugs D10 isialtered at will, and thus the position ofthe sleeve and its quadrants in relation to the rodv D1, and consequently the position of the arc of motion of the quadrants, is changed.

It is to be remembered that the collar D12 is loose on the sleeve D1.

The arcuate surface of each of the quad rants D7 is provided with cogs respectively meshing with cogs on the arcuate surface of the adja cent opposing quadrants, D11', Figs. 1. 4. 31. the latter oscillating on a center or pin, D16, Figs. 1, 4, 14, 31. rlhis pin D16 is supported in the ends of the arms D11, Figs. 1, 14, the other ends of said arms D1T being rigidly attached to the Rigidly attached to the quadrants D15 is the frame D18, Fig. 31, consisting of the two broad dat end projections, D1J D111, Figs. 1, 31, connected togetherby a cross-tie portion, D10, Figs. 1, 31. In each of the end portions, D19 D1, is a slot, D11, Figs. 1, 31, and in one of these slots lits one of the lugs D, Figs. 18, 31, of piece D13, Figs. 1, 18, 31, and into the other of these slots tits the other of the lugs D12.

yThe piece D23 is held in position and adjusted back and forth to the desired points in said slots by the screws DHD, Figs. 1, 31. To the forward portion of said piece D2141 is attached the backing-plate D15, Figs. 1, 17, 18,31, and secured by the bolts D16. Figs. 17, 18,31. Each of the center pivots or pins, D16, is supported within adjustable limits by means of its respective adjacent rods D21, Figs. 1, 4, 14. The cross-bar D, Figs. l, 4, 5, 14, 16, has near each the other A2.

end a lug, D00, Figs. 1, 4, 5, 14, 16. To one of these lugs D the upper end of one of these rods D2T is pivoted, and to the other of these lugs D00 the upper end of the other of these rods D2T is pivoted. The crossbar D is supported by and slides on the upright screwbars D00, Figs. 1, 4, 5, 28, rigidly attached at their lower ends to the frame of the machine. The crossbar D`lx is capable of adjustment vertically, preferably, by means ofthe nuts D:51 Di"l D01 D31, Figs. 1. 4, 5, 2S, as follows: On each upright screw-bar D are two nuts, as D. one ot these nuts being below the cross-bar D2S and the other above the said cross-bar. These nuts may be caused to pinch the cross-bar D'ZS tightly between them, or, as will sometimes be necessary, they may be set apart, so as to allow the cross-bar a little play between them. Each nut is set at the desired point on its respective upright bar by means of a lock-col lar, D, Figs. 1, 4, 5, 2S. For engagement with said lock-collar, each nut D31 is provided with radial slots D, Figs. 1, 4, 5, 2S. The lock-collar D32 is provided with a lug, D. Figs, 4, 28, which enters one of the slots D3'3 in the adjacent nut, and with a feather. D00, Fig. 2S, which enters a longitudinal groove, D, Figs. 1, 28, in the upright screwbar D00. The feather D and lug D01 are preferably made in one piece.

In setting a nut D"l its lock-collar is slid away from it until the lug D04 is withdrawn from a slot of the nut. The latter is then screwed up or down on its screw-bar D00 to the requisite point. The lug D34 of the lockcollar is now inserted in the adjacent slot of the nut and the latter is locked, and its collar is prevented from rotating on screw-bar D30 by means of the feather D35 in the groove D30, Figs. 1, 2S. The lower lock-collar on each screw-upright D00 is held up to place against its adjacent nut by means of a spring, D07, as shown in Fig. 5. A connterbalance-weight, D, Figs. 1, 4. 14, rigidly attached at the rear side to sleeve D", operates to-balance the four quadrants DT D7 D D15 and the intermediate connected mechanism.

The preferred mode of adjusting the press-- ure of the backing-plate against the book to be backed is by adjusting the shaft D0, and the mechanism for adjusting said shaft is as follows: ,Each end ot' shaft Ds is journaled in its carriage D3", Figs 1, 15, sliding on'its respective frame, one of said frames being A and The rear end, D40, Figs. 1, 15, ol' the carriage receives the forward portion of a rod, D, Figs. 1, 15, which latter h'ts in a recess in said carriage and can turn therein. The rod carries two shoulders, one, D40, directly in front of the carriage end D0, and the other, D, Fig. 15, directly behind said carriage end, and these shoulders prevent the rod from slipping lengthwise through the said end ot' said carriage. A cap, D, Fig. 15, screwed to said end D of said carriage, keeps the rod DIl from slipping out at the top of its bearing in said end D40. This rod is rearwardly provided with a screwthread engaging a female screw in the lug D, Figs. 1, 4, 15, fixed to and projecting upward from the adjacent portion of the frame of the machine. A hand wheel, D, Figs. 1, 15, enables the. rod to be easily turned, thereby moving the carriage D forward or backward, as desired, and a setscrew, D40, Fig. 15, screwed into the cap D5 aforesaid, engages one of the holes in shoulder D and prevents the rod D412 from turning after the latter has been set at the desired point.

The preferred mechanism for working the upper one of the jaws which hold the book while it is being backed is as follows: To the brace A0 is pivoted one end of the arm F, Figs. 1, 2, 22, the other end of said arm being pivoted to the arm F0, Figs. 1, 2, 22. which latter in turn is pivoted by pivot FT to the rod F0, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) Figs. 1, 2. The arms F and F2 constitute a togglejoint. The mode of operating this toggle is as follows: The roller F, Figs. 1, 2, is pivoted to one of the. arms of the toggle, preferably to the arm F. This roller F tits in a groove in cam F5, Figs. 1, 2, centered on and fixed to main shaft B. The rod F0 may be supported on any suitable bracket or shaft. In the present instance the shaft CY is made use of for supporting the said rod F0, the latter being pivoted thereto. To the same end of arm F2 as rod F0, and to pivot F7, Figs. l, 2, 22, is pivoted one end of the compound thrustrod F0, Figs. 1, 2, constructed substantially as follows: The lever F0 is constructed in two parts, F0 and F0, Figs. 1, 2, the portion FB ruiming through a bracket or portion of part F0, and secured in place by a nut, F10, Fig, 1, screwed onto part F8 forward of said bracket. A spring, F10, Figs. 1, 2. is compressed between the rear end of arm F0 and the stop F10, Figs. 1, 2, on arm F0. This stop F10 is preferably a nut engaging a thread on arm F8 for the purpose of regulating the tension of the spring F12. The portion FS is free to slide forward in part F'J as the tension of spring F12 is overcome. The object of this compound thrust-rod is to allow the mechanism closiug the jaws holding the book to be backed to yield (instead of breaking) when a book of uncommon thickness to which the jaws and mechanism have not been previously adjusted is by chance inserted into the jaws. The forward end of the compound thrust-rod is pivoted to the lever F", Fig. 1, which latter'is fulcrulned on shaft F15, Figs. 1, 2. Thisshaft is suitably supported,as in jour nals, in the sides A A2 of the machine, andis preferably braced by brackets F, Figs. 1, 2, 24, connected lo forward brace, A".

On shaft F15 is fulcrumed the lever F, Figs. 1, 2, preferably made in one piece with lever F. To the free end of this lever F" is pivoted the lower end of rod F, Figs. 1, 2, and the upper end of the latter is in turn pivoted IOC to a lug, F12, Figs. 1, 19, rigidly attached to the lower portion of the upper plate or limb, F2, of the toggle F20 F21, Figs. 1, '19.

It may be here remarked that the 'yielding compound rod F1 F1 F12 may take the place of rod F12, a rigid'rod taking the place where the said compound rod is now employed. In the event of such change this compound yielding rod will become a pull rod instead of a thrust or push rod, and be similar, as regards the location of the spring, to the pull-rod R1R1, Fig. 2. The upper port-ion of the upper limb of said toggle is pivoted by pivot F22, Figs 1, 19, to the oscillating frame F21, Figs. 1,19, carrying the jaws, the said oscillating frame being pivoted at pivot F22, Figs. 1, 19, to the lower portion of the sides A A2 of the machine. v

Each of the limbs F F21 of the toggle is provided with stop F21, Fig. 1, and these stops (when the toggle is closed) impinge against each other and prevent the toggle from passing its center. The lower link or limb, F21, of this toggle .is pivot-ed at its lower end to the yoke or piece F21, Figs. 1, 19. This yoke is provided at each end with an eye or forked extremity, F22, Fig. 19, which embraces a nut, F21, Figs. 1, 19, 25, whose screw-thread engages a screw on the upright rod F21, Figs. 1, 19,20. The nut F28 is prevented from slipping through the openings in piece F21by the annular flanges F11, Figs. 19, 25, of the nut.

At the lower side of the nut, and rigidly at.` tached thereto and concentric therewith, is a toothed wheel, F11, Figs. 1, 19. 25, and for convenience this wheel may take the place and operate instead of a lower annulartlange. Each wheel F11 engages a worm, F12, Figs. 1',

Y19, and these two worms are connected by and rigidly attached to a shalt, F11, Figs. 1', 19, journaled in suitable lugs, F12, Fig. 19, which latter prevent longitudinal motion oftheshaft. The shaft is rotated by suitable means-preferably, as shown, by a handwheel, F11, Figs. 1, 19, peripherally provided with square teeth-and after being set is locked in position by a pawl, F11, Fig. 1. Thel nuts F21, wheels F11, shaft F11, and hand-wheel F16 are to simultaneously adjust vertically the upperjaw, F12.

For the purpose of the better keeping the upright rods F21 steady and in line with the 0%;illating frame F21, the arms F11, Figs. 1, 19, are provided, suitably secured to said frame F21, and respectively embrace the rods. Near their upper ends aportion ofthe upright rods is conued to vthe slideways F11, Fig. 19, in oscillating frame F21, and they are thereby permitted to slide vertically in saidframe. The upper extremity of each upright 'rod F21 -is provided with a slot, F21, Fig. 20, through which latter passes a snugly-fitting lug, F21, Figs. 19, 20. These lugs are rigidly attached to the upper jaw, F12, Figs. 1, 19, 20. To the under side of this upper jaw is rigidly atu taehed a steel plate, F22, Figs. 19, 2O,V which projects beyond the rear side of the'jaw in an edge, F21, Fig. 20. f

Connected` to the upper ljaw, F12, preferably at the side, as shown, by straps F22, Figs. 19,.

stands at a distance from the under side ofthe jaw, but when pressed upon closes into the recess in said jaw. When a book isplaced between the upper jaw, F12, and the lower jaw, J, Figs. 1, 19, as theupperjaw descends Athe heel of the spring strikes lrst, and as the jaw continues to descend the pressure of the spring forces any wrinkling or buckling of the book rearward into the back of the book. As the spring is forced upward, the'upright portion of the spring slides through the strap F22, and the spring is deflected from its normal position to an angle of about forty-five degrees.

I will now describe the mechanism which co-operates to impart to the oscillating frame the required action and to hold it to its re quired positions.- 2

On the main shaftB is Xed acam, J2, Figs. 1, 2, 23, having a groove, J1, Figs. 1, 23. To the reciprocating piece J1 J2, Figs. 1, 2, 23, is pivoted the roller J1, Figs. 1, 23, which latter vfils in the camgroove J1. The rear part, J2, of the reciprocating piece is provided with the fork J2, Figs 1, 2, 23. The two inner limbs are in the same vertical plane. The fork J2 straddles the hub J8, Figs. 2, 23, of the cam, the limbs of the fork respectively1 fitting into an annular groove, J1, Figs. 1, 2, 23, in said hub, and keeps the reciprocating piece J2 J5 in line.

The reciprocating rod J2 J5 is preferably provided with means for adjusting its length and taking up wear. These means consist as IIO follows: The piece J5 is screwed into piece J2 and secured by a lock-nut, J1, Figs. l1, 2, 23. The forward end of rod J2 J5 is pivoted to one end of`leverJ12, Figs. 1. 2, and the other end of lever J12 is rigidly secured to shaft J11, Figs. l,

2,-and the latteris journaled in the sides of thelnachine. Rgidly attached to said shaft are the levers J12 J12, Figs. 1, 2, and to the forward ends of these levers J12 J12 are respectively pivoted the rods J11 J15, Figs. 1, 2, 21,

and the upper ends of the latter are respectively'pivoted to the respective knuckle-joints of the toggles J1 J12 J16 J, Figs. 1, 21.

The forward end of the piece J16 of each toggle J16 J 12 is pivoted to brace A1 at the upper forward corner of the machine. The rear end' of each of the pieces J12 of said toggles is pivoted by pivot J11, Figs. 1, 19, 21, to the front of the oscillating frame F21, alittle below.

the lowerjaw, J. (See Figs. 1 and 21.) The upper or working side of lower jaw, J, is provided with a facing of steel in the form of a` steel plate, J4, Figs. 1, 1S), 2l, similar to the plate F42 on the upper jaw, F47.

I will now describe the mechanism for vertically reciprocating the cross bar K,employed to brace the jaws F447 and J.

On the main shaft B is rigidly fixed a grooved cam, K2, Figs. 2. 4, whose construction is similar to that of cam J4. already described. A reciprocating rod, K3 K4, Figs. 1. 2, 4, and its attachments is similar to rod J4 J', already described, and is operated by its cam Kl as rod J" J5 was operated by cam J4. Lever K5, shaft I 6, levers K7 K4, and rods K4 K4, Figs. 1, 2, 4L, are similar in construction, attachment, and in operation to the corresponding levers,J44, shaft J4, and levers J44 J44, and rods J45 J44. The upper ends of the rods Ks KS are respectively pivoted to the respective lugs K4 K, Figs. 1, 4, 16, of the cross-bar K. Figs. 1, 4, 16. This cross-bar K slides up and down on xed bars Kw, Figs. 1, 4, 5, secured to the sides of the frame.

l will now describe the mechanism forraising and lowering the guide-arm L, Figs. 1, 13, 32, 33.

Rigidly fixed on main shaft B is the groovcd cam L2,Fig. 2, similar to cam J4, and operated thereby is the forked reciprocating rod L4 L4, Figs. 1, 2, with its attachments similar to rod J4 J4. The upper end of forked lever L3 L4 is pivoted to a lever, L4, Fig. 1, rigidly fixed to shaft L44, Fig. 1, suitably supported on bearings on the left hand frame, parallel to the length of the machine. On the forward end of this shaft is a lever, L4, Fig. 1, capable of sliding on the said shaft in the direction of the length ofthe latter, and prevented from turning on the shaft by means of a feather. To lever LT is pivoted rod L8, Figs. 1, 33, and the upper end of this rod L8 is pivoted to alug,L4, Figs. 1, 13, 33, on arm L.

The object of the sliding connection between lever L and shaft L6 is to enable lever L7 to continue always perpendicular to the guidearm L as the latter is shifted in position.

Each end portion of the carriage T, Figs. 1, 6, 12, is provided with a pair of uprights, L40 L4, and these serve as guides for the respective journal-boxes ofthe upper roller, R, Figs. 1, 6. The journals of the lower roller, R2, Figs. 1, 6, fit in bearings in the carriage at the base of the uprights. (See Fig. 12.)

I will now describe the mechanism for swinging the guide in a peculiar manner awayfrom the book before it (the guide) rises perpendicularlv.

To the rear one of the left-hand pair of uprights L10 is hinged, at L42, Figs. 1, 12, an oscillating piece, L4", Figs. 1, 12,33, to which the aforementioned arm L is pivoted by means of the pivot-pin L44, Figs. 12, 33. To the outer end of this arm L are fixed the guide-carriers L45, Figs. 32, 33. Each of these carriers L45 carries its guide-piece or guides L44, Figs. 32,

33. In rounding and backing large books the forward edges of the guide-pieces L46 are preferably concaved, and the swinging motion which is imparted to the guidepieces L4b L4 in moving away from the book before rising becomes essential in order to prevent these guide-pieces from hooking under the book and injuring or shifting the latter as they are elevated ont of the way.

In Fig.1 the guide-arm L is shown elevated, with the guide pieces removed. rlhc guidearm is drawn down by rod L44,aforementioned, and as it (the arm) moves down its shoulder L44, Figs. 1, 13, 33. impinges against the side of the oscillating piece L44. As the arm L cou- Vtinues to be drawn down it acts as a lever llpou the oscillating piece, and brings down said piece until the bottom ofthe latter strikes the upper edge of the supporting-base L44, Figs. 1, 12, 33. The arm L has now reached the lowerend of its movement, and the guides L4G L4 are now in position to stop the book at the desired point as it (the book) is introduced between the rounding-rollers R R4. When the guide-arm is to be elevated,the rod LE4 rises and the guides swing rearward and upward as the oscillatingpiece L44,with guidearin L, is rising from the base L44, thereby clearing the book. rlhis upward rearward movement is primarily caused by the spring L4, Figs. 1, 12, 33. raising theoscillating piece L43 from its hase L48, this spring L4 being fixed in or secured to the base and pressing against the lower side of L43. The upward movement of this oscillating pieceis arrested by any Silitable device-as, for example, stop-piece LY, Fig. 12. As soon as the oscillating piece L4 ceases to rise,the arm L is raised vertically by the rod LB to the position shown in Fig. 1, and it and the guides are out of the way of the jaws and other mechanism. This last named vertical movement of the arm L after the oscillating piece has risen is provided, instead of a further swingingmovement, to facilitate compactness in the machine.

I will now describe the mechanism that reciprocates the upper roller, R, Figs. 1, 6, 7, 9, 32, which latter operatesin connection with lower roller, R4, Figs. 1, 6, 9, 32.

Fixed on main shaftB is the grooved cam R4, Fig. 2, similar to cam J2. Forked reciprocating rod R4 R5, Fig. 2, and its attachments are similar to rod J4 J5, heretofore described, and its engagement with grooved cam Ri4 and its hub is similar to the engagement of rod J4 J5 with cam AJ2 and its hub. The forward end of rod R4 R5 is connected to a compound pull-rod, R6 R7, Figs. l, 2, 26. Rearward the piece R has a hollow extremity, and through the rear end of this extremity passes the end of the rodpiece R4, and is continued on and passed through the guide R4, Fig. 2, fixed to the rodpiece R44. The rod-piece R5 is free to slide in the rod-piece R6 and guide R8. Screwed onto the rod-piece R5 in the rod piece R6 is a nut, R, Fig. 2, free to slide within said rod Rf'.

Between the nut R4 and the rear end of the IOT IIO

rod-piece R6 is a spiral spring, R10, Fig. 2, the resilience of which is regulated by 'the said nut R1. Rearward of the end of rod-piece R6 is a stop, R11, Fig'. 2, on piece R1, which stop prevents the rod-piece R5 from being drawn too far into the rod-piece R1 by the spring R1,and so serves, in conjunction with nut R1, .to regulate `the resilience ofsaid spring R1. Theforward piece, R", of the compound pull-rod .R6

R7 is pivotally connected to a lever, R11, Figs.

1, 2, 26, rigidly attached to the shaft R11, Figs. l, 2, 26, suitably journaled in the sides of the machine. To this sanne shaft, R11, are rigidly connected the levers R15 R15, Figs. 1, 2, 26.

To each of the levers R15 is pivoted its respective'rod R16, Figs. 1, 2, 26, and these rods R16 are pivoted to the sliding yoke R11, Figs. 1` 6, 7, that carries the upper roller, R. When preferred, compound rod- R5 Rmay be solid and the capacity for yielding be embodied in the rods R16 R11, in which event each of the rods R16 will be compound and'provided with spring and be similar in construction to that now presented in the compound rods R5 R1.

The preferred means for adjustingtheupf per roller so as to regulatethe distanceto which it shall approach the lower roller and for raising the upper roller at will and throwing it out of connection with the mechanism for vertically reciprocating it is as follows: The piece R7 is united to piece Rt by a screw-thread, and the piece R7 has a hook, R18, Figs. 1. 2.26, which, when the compound pullrod R6 R1 is dropped, engages the pin R11, Figs. 1, 26, on the upper end of lever, R11. For more con veniently lifting the rod R6 R7 from pin R11 and lowering it to engage said pin, and also for rotating part R'l to lengthen or shorten R6 R1', I provide a suitable handle, as R10, Figs. 1, 2, 26, connected to said hook R18 on rod R1. By disengagiug the hook R18 from the pin and rotating the piece R7 the compound pull-rod R6 R7 is lengthened or shortened by the screwthread uniting the portions Ri R7 of the pullrod. As the pull-rod is shortened, the upper roller is made to approach closer to thewunder roller, and vice versa. Thus the rollers are adapted to pinch a thicker or thinner book.

Fixed on shaft R11 at any convenient point thereon is a hand-lever, R11, Figs. 2, 26, and pivoted to lever .R11 is the hook R11, Figs. 2, 26, which latter (whenhook R11 is disengaged from the pin R19 and lever R11 is brought for- .ward) engages the upper edge of the stationary piece or brace A1 of the machine. This action of lever R11 elevates the upper roller, R, and renders it inoperative for the time being. I will now describe the mechanism for rotating the rollers R R1.

Fixed on the main shaft B is a grooved cam,

S, Fig. 2, with its hub .operating a forked reciprocating rod, S1 S1, Figs. 1, 2, respectively, similar to cam J1, h ub J1, and rod J1 J1; and si inilarly united together. The forward end of the reciprocating rod S1 S3 is pivoted to double lever S1, Figs. 1, 2, 6, 27, fulcrumed atthe in side of the frame A ofthe machine. On the forward end of -this lever is an adjustable carriage, S5, Figs. l, 6, 27. This carriage is capable of sliding on lever S1, and is set at any desired point along the length of the lever by means ofthe screw-rod S6, Figs. 1, 6, 27,which latter is in turn locked by set-nutS1, Fig. 27.

The screw'rod S6 is prevented from longitudinal movement by having one end stepped in a recess, S1, Fig. 27, in the lever S1, near the fulcrum of the latter, and also by having the collar S1, Fig. 27, engaging the plate S10, Fig'. 27, fixed to the end of lever S1. The under side of lever S1 is provided` with a channel, S11, Fig. 27, running vlongitudinally with the lever S1. The carriage surrounds the lever S1, and from the lower portion of said carriage rises the lug S11, Fig. 27, fitting into channel S11. The screw rod SG passes through an interiorly screw-threaded opening in this lug S13 and engages the screw-thread thereof, so

that by turning the screw-rod the carriage is moved on t-he lever S1, as aforesaid. Suitably pivotally attached to the upper portion of the carriage S5 are the chains S11, Figs. 1, 6, 9, 10. These chains may be of various coustructions; but the preferred kind of chain is shown inthe drawings. Both of these chains pass upand against an idler, S15, Figs. 1, 6, 9. One of these chains (the right-hand) then passes rearward under the pulley-sleeve S1, Figs. 6, 9, ofthe lower'roller, R1, and then passes partially around the sleeve,and is then fastened to the latter. The other of these chains (the left-hand one) passes up in front of the idler S11 and the pulley-sleeve S11, Figs. 6,

9, 10,` actuating the shaft of the upper roller,R, and then passes rearward and partially around saidvsleeve,and is then fastened to said sleeve. The chains are respectively wound far enough around their respective sleeves to enable the roller when rotated by its respective actuating-chain to rotate far enough to produce the desired effects hereinafter explained. The principal objects of providing a pulley-sleeve, as S11, separate'from and adjustable upon the shaft of its roller R or .R1 are, viz: first, when the rollers wear in one place, the rollers can be reset, so as to present a fresh surface to the actionot' the book; secondly, in case' of breaking of the chain the pulley-sleeve can be reset and adapted to the reduced length of the chain; thirdly, ease of manufacture and of con.- struction in the rst instance is subserved.

The preferred means for causing the rollers R R1 to. rewind the chains S11 and return to theiriirst position consist of the strap S11, Figs. 6 and 9, and weight S11. (See Figs. 6 and 9.) The chains S11 S11 are preferably of metal, as they need to be so constructed as that they will not be in anywise elastic. Being nonelastic they will impart an even and decisive movement to the roundingrollers. Such a movement is necessary to secure from the said rollers a perfect action in rounding the book and presenting the same to thejaws. One end of the strap S18 is fastened to the shank of roller R and wound around said shank in a direction contrary to that in which the chain S on the other end of said roller is wound. The

strap SS now runs up and over the idle-pulley Si", Figs. 1, 6, and 9.. and thence passes down against idle-pulley S21, Fig. 9, and thence under the pulley attached to weight S1, and then upward over idle-pulley Si, (see Fig. 9,) and thence forward, under, and up and around the shank of the roller R2 in a direction contrary to that in which the chain S14 on the other end of said roller is wound, and is there fastened to said shank. The strap secured at both ends forms a loop and upholds the weight S19 by means of the pulley attached to the latter. The pulley enables the weight to shift along the strap and rise and fall with t-he latter, and at the same time exert a positive force to turn the rollers, which it will do whenever the chains are relaxed. The strap may be coiled any desired number of times upon itself-on each roller-shank, and thus the power of the weight to turn the roller will be increased or diminished, according as the strap is rolled more or less on and around said roller-shank. The idle-pulleys Si", S, S22, and S15 are suitably pivoted to the carriage T. This carriage T, Figs. 1, G, 9, 12, 32, and 33, consists, in general, of a metal bridge whose ends are respcctively supported and guided by the forward and top ends of the frame A A2.

The means for adjusting the position of the said carriage and for setting it when adjusted and holding it steady are as follows, viz: In the forward end ofthe cross-brace A3 (see Fig. 1) is a rod, T2, (see Figs. 1, 6, and 8,) arranged to turn loosely therein. The rear end of this rod is screw-threaded and engages a female screw in a lug, T3, (see Figs. 1 and 32.) iixed to the carriage T. The rotation of rod T2 by means of the hand-wheel T4 (see Figs. 1, 6, and moves the carriage forward or rearward, as desired, and when the carriage is adjusted to the desired position the locknut T, Figs. 1 and 8, engaging a screw-thread on the rod in the vicinity of the cross-frame A3, is turned and locks the rod T2 from shifting. To further lock the ends of the carriage T and keep them steady I provide the clamping-screw T, (see Figs. 4 and 6,) located in the side of the machine. This screw passes through a slot, T7, Fig. 4, in the side A of the frame, and is screwed into a lug, T8, Fig. 6, fixed on the carriage and moving in contact with the inside of the frame A. On the outer end of the screw TG is a shoulder, which bears against. the frame A at the sides of the slot. By tightening the screw the adjacent end of the carriage is rigidly held in position and the carriage prevented from oscillating on the center screw-rod, TZ. When the jawframe F23 is at the extreme point of its forward movement, it is steadied by means ofthe abutting-screw T9, Figs. 1 and 8, and the latter can be adjusted forward or rearward to a proper position by means of its screw-thread engaging a female screw in the rear end of center screwrod, T2. When adjusted, the abutting-screw is locked by the lock-nut T1".

(See Fig. 8.) The adjustment of this screw T9 also enables the operator to enlarge or decrease the size of thejoints of the book without changing any of the other adjustments of the machine.

To enable the operator to better guide the book between the rolls a tubular rest, T, (see Figs. 1, 6, and 32,) suitably attached to the carriage T, is provided. Curved rods N3, Fig. 1. are provided to prevent the book from curling downward and striking the lower jaw. They are hinged at their forward ends to the carriage T. The rear ends of these rods respectively pass th rough the respective openings N4 N4, Figs. 1 and 19, in the oscillating frame F2, immediately under the steel plate J19 of the lowerjaw. These stationary rods pass freely through the frame F2 as the lat ter oscillates.

For enabling the operator to have on hand a supply of books within his ready reach I provide a table, .T3, Figs. 1 and 11, preferably removable. In the present illustrative instance it is constructed as follows: The table proper, T1, is mounted on a metallic framework, T, (see Figs. 1 and 11,) provided with hooks T15 T, (see Figs. 1 and 11,) these hooks respectively engaging the eyes in lugs T16 Tl, (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6,) fixed to theside A2 of the frame. The tableis prevented from swinging by the hook T17 (see Figs. 1 and 11,) engaging the top of the side A2 of the frame.

To prevent the book while being rounded from cooking up and striking the upper jaw I provide the spring N, Figs. 1, 6, and 7, fastened at one end of the cross bar 1V, Figs. 1, 6, and 7, connected to the sliding yokes R". The spring N passes from said bar N2 upward, then rearward over the top of the roller R, then downward, terminating in a foot substantially on a level with the bottom of the rollerR.

I will now describe the mechanism for operating the clutch and quickly stopping the machine.

CB, as aforementioned, indicates the clutchpinion running loosely on shaft C7. The coupling member P. Figs. 4 and 29, of the clutch slides on the shaft C7 in the direction of the length of the shaft, but is compelled to turn therewith by means of a feather, P2, Figs. 3, 4. 5, and 29, and groove connection, thelength of the feather and groove being parallel to the length of the shaft. On the boss ofthe coupling member l? tsa ring, P, Fig. 29, provided with trunnions PP, Figs. 4 and 29, and held to place on the boss by the collar P5, Figs. 4 and 29. The boss turns loosely within the ring,as the latter does not revolve. The trnn nions P4 P respectively engage the respective forks P, Figs. 4 and 29, of the lever I, Figs. 4 and 30. Said lever Piis fulcruined at a suitable point, as P8, Fig. 4, by a bracket rigidly att-ached to the frame ofthe machine.

To enable the operator to manipulate the lever I?T by 011e continuous movement it is :rialzak 9` constructed as follows: Iprovide near the front of the machine a rest, P9, Figs. 4 and 30,.npon

which the forward endof the lever moves.

The short hand-lever P10, Figs. 4 and 30, is connected tothe forward end of the lever Pl, as follows: A pivot at P12, Figs. 4 and 3 0, makes a pivotal connection between said hand-lever P10 and lever Pl. The pivoted end of the hand-A lever POhas an inclined plane, P13, Fig. `30, whose path is concentric with the pivot. At the end of this inclined plane is the stop P15,

Fig. 30. Resting on the incline plane P13 is the shoulder P, Figs. 4 and 30, of the adjustable vertically-moving stop-pin P, Figs. 4 and 30. This stop-pin P17 is upheld and guided by passing through flange P18, Figs. 4 and-30, attached to the forward end of lever Pl. The lower end of the stop-pin passes through ,the end of the lever P7, and is also guided and supported by the lever. Vhen the stoppin, is at the lower end of the inclined plane P13, it drops into opening P19, Fig. 30, in the bracket P9, or past the end of the latter when the said opening is omitted, and the bracket is thereby utilized as a stop. supposing the coupling members P and Cs to be interlocked, then to disengage them the following movements take place: The hand-lever P10 is drawn toward the operator. This operation turns the said lever P10 and forces the stop-pin P17 up the inclined plane P13. This movement disengages the stoppin P17 from engagement with bracket Pgvby lifting the foot of said pin above and away from said bracket. The operator continues to draw the lever P10 toward himself, and the stop P1L now strikes pin P17 and converts the hand-lever P10 and lever Pl(so long as the operator continues to draw the lever P10 toward y himself) into one rigid lever, which (as the operator continues to draw the hand-lever P10 toward himself) operates to disengage the coupling members P and C8. Y

In order to engage the coupling membersP and C the operator pushes the short hand-lever P10 away from him, and the said hand- 4lever swings until the shoulder P15, or equivalever P7 is locked-in position.

Among the advantagesof the clutch and-of its application at the point shown is this: In

.case of any stoppage of anypart of themachinery or any obstruction thereof theoperator is enabled to instantlystop the operating mechanism and get rid ofv the momentumof the iiy-wheel, as the latter, by the action of the clutch, is entirely-cut off from all connection :with the operating mechanism. v

I will Anow describe, in general, the mode in which `my machine operates.V

The rounding-rollers` having been adjusted A, now rise out of the way.

to-properly grasp a book of a certain thickness, thebook is inserted between the said f now descends and impinges or presses on the book, and the latter is compressed between rounding rollers R and R2. The guides L16 The rounding-rollersR and R2 now perform that part of a revolution which they have been adjusted to perform, so that they rotate enough to throw between the jaws and cause the; back of the book to project sufficiently far beyond the rear edgeof thejaws to enable the backing device N3 N. The upper jaw, F37, now descends,

and as it descends the heels of thefsprings Fixx F43 first strike the upper side of the book,and as they (the springs) are pressed upon their action is such as to smooth out all buckling or wrinkling ofthe book previously caused by the action of the rounding-rollers. The upper jaw, F37, still descends, and the book is nowv rmly grasped between thejaws Fa7 and J, and` at this moment the rounding-roller R rises, and the rounding-rollers release their grasp ofthe book. The jaws now swing rearwardand bring the back of the book in contact -with the vibrating backing plate D. The pressure which this plate Dl5 exerts upon the back of the book is regulated by the screws D. The pressure which this plate D25 exerts upon thejoints of the book is regulated by the nuts D31 D31 D31 D31. The book being backed, the jawsnow move toward the operator, at the same time releasing their grasp on the book. As the book moves forward toward the operator Ait impinges against a second book already placed between the roundingrollers by the operator, and is shoved outrearward from between the jaws by this second book, the latter taking the place between the jaws formerly occupied by the first book. This first book is now removed by the operator.

Ordinarily, the mechanism heretofore described foractuating the toggles J16 J 17 should be constructed so as to yield both on theshove and the pull of the rod J1, and to provide for this necessity l have constructed the rod J15 as shown in Fig. 34, to wit: One portion, Jl,of the rodis made asa sleeve, and the other por- ,tiont isl a rod, J, provided with shoulders, flanges, or equivalent stops J 22. Each end portion` ofthe rod J carries its spring J,

Vand each spring J i is compressed between its the book rearward far enough to pass the book ICO IIO

adjacent collar,J2*, sliding on rod J, and the 'i adjacent stopfy. Each spring keeps its collar J'Z1 against the adjacent shoulder or stop, J2, ofthe rod J`1.

The resilient or elastic force or power of the springs J s J1:s is regulated, preferably, by making the stops J25 adjustable on the rod J21 by meansol'aserew-connectiontherewith. Vhenever the rod J`21 is subjected to a thrust or pull greater than the springs J2:i are set to resist, the appropriate spring J|13 will yield and save the mechanism from injury. \.Vhenever a book is accidentally displaced when grasped by the jaws, the rod J11 must yield in its th rust, and when the jaws are returning toward the rouudingrollers, and a book should be misplaced between the said rollers or so turn up as to strike the front side or sides ofthe jaws and not enter between them, the rod J21 must yield in its pull.

Ordinarily, the mechanism for vertically reciprocating the cross-bar K, employed to brace the jaws F11 and J while the book is being backed, should be constructed to yield ou the pull ofthe rod KB. To provide for this neeessity I have combined with the cross-bar K and each ofthe rods K1 the following devices: Instead of pivoting the upper end of rod K directly to the erossbar K, I pivot said end ofthe rod K to the lower end of thc rod K11. (See Figs. 35 and 36.) rIhe latter is provided with shoulder K1 below the cross-bar K. This rod K11 slides in the end portion of the crossbar K, preferably through an eye of the latter, (see Figs. 35 and 36,) and projects above the said crossbar. On this portion of the rod K11 which projects above said cross bar K is a spring, K11, which is compressed between the said crossbar and a stop, K, at the upper end of said rod. rlhe resilient power or push ofthe spring K11 may be regulated by rendering the stop Ii adj ustable,preferably by means of uniting the stop K to the rod K12 by a screw-threaded union. Vhile the jaws are moving toward the backing-plate, should there happen to be an obstruction between them and the said backing-plate, the jaws are prevented from making their full movement in that direction and are directly in the way of the cross-bar K, and obstruct the descent of the latter as drawn down by rod K11. The spring K1* now yields and allows the rod K1 to carry out its full downward movement without injury to the mechanism.

Instead of the backing-plate D25, a camshaped plate or a roller or segment of a roller may be employed, and may be substituted as an equivalent element for the backing-plate in the following claims, wherein the backingplate appears as an element, and this may be done without altering the features of invention covered by such claims.

In relation to the cams heretofore mentioned it may be remarked that the groove in each cam is so shaped as to produce the proper movement, and the cams are so placed on the main shaft, as B, as to make these movements at their proper time.

Vhile the various features of my invention are preferably employed together, one or more of said features may be employed without the remainder, and, in so far as applicable, one or more of said features may be employed in connection with mechanism for rounding and backing books, or for both rounding and backing them, other than that herein specifically shown and described.

\Vhat I claim as new and of my invention,

and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The compound yielding rod FB F F1", in combination with the toggle F F1, lever F14 F", rod F13, toggle F211 F21, and jaws F37 and J, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination of the frame F", pivoted at F2", jaws Fn and J, toggle F1U F11, arm F1, connected rigidly to one of the toggle-arms at an angle thereto, rod F15, levers F11 F, and means for operating the latter, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of thelower jaw, J, and upper jaw, F17, rods F1, supporting the latter, yoke-piece F", nuts F111, toothed wheels F11, and worms F12, shaft F1, handwhc'el F11", and frame F211, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination,with the upperjaw, F31, ofthe springs F13, connected thereto and bent under the said jaw, substantially as set forth.

5. The upper jaw, F31, provided with rccesses F15, and the springs F13, respectively entering said recesses, as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The upper jaw, F11, )rovided with recesses F15 and the springs F13, aud straps F F1, through which the Shanks of the springs respectively slide, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination of the rounding-rollers R R2, spring N, bar D, and the yokes R11 R11, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination ofa backing device, D15, arms D1T D, sliding carriage D311, screwthreaded rods D11, and lugs D, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of the sliding carriage D111, screw-threaded rod D, provided with sh oulders D111 D, cap D15, set-screw D18, and lug D1, arms D", and oscillating baekingplate D11, substantially as set forth.

10. In a machine for rounding and backing books, the combination of the lever P1, stoppin P11, stop-bracket I, hand-lever P111, provided with ineline plane P11 and stop P1* P15, and clutch member I), substantially as set set forth.

l1. The combination of lever D1, rigidly attached to collar D", provided with lugs D1U D1, lug D, rigidly connected to sleeve D", bolt D1, connect-ing lug D'q to lugs D10 D1, lock-nuts D14 D14 on said bolt D13, sleeve Dt, quadrants D7 D7 D15, frame D18, cross-bar D23, and backingplate D21, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l2. In the mechanism for operating the backing-plate, the combination of lever D, sleeve Dt, to which quadrants D7 D7 are rigidly at- LOO IIO

iached, shaft D1, sliding carriages D11, quadrants D16 D11, frame D16, cross-bar D11, suitably supported, and the backing plate D11,connected I to the cross-bar D16, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of the main shaft B, cam K1, adjustable rod K3 K1, lever K6, shaft K6, levers K1 K1, rods K11 K11, crossbar K, bars K K16, and jaw F11, substantially as set fort-h.

14. The combination of the reciprocating rods K6 K8, pivoted rods K12 K11, cross-bar K, through which said rods K11 pass, springs K11, stops K11, bars K16 K1, and jaw F11, substantially as set forth.

l5. The combination of thc cross-,bar K, bars K16 K16, and jaws F61 and J, substantially as set forth.

16. The mechanismfor elevating the upper rounding-roller out of Working position, consisting of rods R16 R16, levers R15 R16, shaft R11, hand-lever R11, hook R11, and stop-piece A1, in

combination with said upper roundingrollcr, v

R, substantially as set forth.

17. The mechanism for adjusting the distance of the rounding-rollers from one another,

consisting of the reciprocating elastic compound screw-rod R1 R6 R6, spring R16, nut R9, slide R6, and stop R11, in combination with the rounding rollers and connections, substantially as set forth.'

18. The reciprocating compound screw-rod R5 R6 R1, provided'with a notch in part R1, rod R11, hand or thumb wheel R16, pin R11, and lever R11, in combination with the roundingrollers R R2 and their connecting mechanism, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

19. The combination of main shaft B, cam R11, reciprocating rod R4 R6, yielding rod R5 R6, lever R11, shaft R11, levers R16 R16, rods R16 stantially as set forth.

2,0. In the mechanism for holding the center on which the backing-plate.oscillates, the center pins, D16 D16, supported by arms D11 D11, supporting-rods D`l1 D11, cross-bar D11, nuts D11, and uprights D1o D16, in combination with backing-plate D11, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2l. The center pins, D16 D16, rods D11 D11, crossloar D16, threaded upright bars D3o D16, and nuts D11 D31 D31 D11, in combination with back-ingpl'ate D11', substantially as set forth.

22. The combination of springs D11, collars D11, each provided With a feather, D11, and a lug, D11, nuts D11, each provided with grooves D11, screw-threaded upright bars D116, each provided with a groove or slot, D16, cross-bar D11, and backingplate D15, substantially as.

described.

23. The combination of strap S18, Weight S16, rounding-rollers R R1, and metallic chains S11 S11, substantially as set forth.

24. The combination of the oscillating piece L11, arm L, provided with guides L1B L16, and carriage T, as and for the purposes set forth. 25. The combination of the book-guides, oscillating piece L16, base-stop L16, stop-piece L16, and spring L19, substantially as set forth. 2G. The combination of the oscillating piece L11, guide carrying arm L, pivoted to piece L13 and providedwith stop L11, and reciproeating rod L1, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

EDWIN CRAWLEY. Witnesses:

J No. W. STREHLI, O. M. HILL. 

